Alpha lipoic acid ameliorate changes occur in neurotransmitters and antioxidant enzymes that influenced by profenofos insecticide

This study was designed to determine whether alpha lipoic acid [ALA] which has been shown to have substantial antioxidant properties would ameliorate some of profenofos insecticide toxic effects. ALA administered [60mg/kg b.w.] to adult female rats for 14 days 1 hour after administration of 1/10 LD50 [45 mg/kg b.w.] and 1/20 LD50 [22.5 mg/kg b.w.] for profenofos insecticide which act as free radical inducer. Neurotransmitters [Dopamine [DA], Norepinephrin [NE], Serotonine [5-HT] and 5-Hydroxy indol acetic acid [5-HIAA]] were estimated in plasma. While malondialdehyde [MDA], reduced glutathione [GSH] level, glutathione-S-transferase [GST] and superoxide dismutase [SOD] activities were determined in liver, kidney and brain. The results revealed an increase in plasma serotonine [5-HT] levels in group of rats intoxicated with low dose of profenofos. A significant increase in MDA level [an indicator for lipid peroxidation] in liver of rats intoxicated with both doses of profenofos was recorded, concurrent with a significant reduction in GSH level and GST and SOD activities in most tested tissues of rats intoxicated with both doses of profenofos. Supplementation with alpha lipoic acid [60 mg/kg b.wt] 1 h after profenofos administration induced some but not complete improvement in all parameters whereas, it induced significant increase in plasma DA and 5-HT while it reduced lipid peroxidation in each of the examined tissues. These results accompanied with improvement in GSH level especially in liver, in addition to GST and SOD activities in some organs. Its effect differ from tissue to another. In conclusion ALA supplementation to profenofos intoxicated rats induced improvement in lipid peroxidation, total glutathione level and glutathione-S- transferase activity

Effect of alpha cypermethrin and/or selenium on plasma neurotransmitters in male albino rats

The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of selenium as an antioxidant on alpha-cypermethrin neurotoxicity in adult male albino rats. This was achieved by observing the changes occurring in the neurotransmitters in plasma. In this study, the animals were treated with 1/10 LD[50] of alpha-cypermethrin insecticide and/or selenium for 14 and 28 days. The data showed a significant increase in plasma norepinephrine [NE] and dopamine [DA] levels with a significant reduction in plasma serotonin [5-HT], 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid [5-HIAA] and acetylcholinesterase [AchE] were recorded. On the other hand, the level of plasma monoamine oxidase [MAO] showed a significant decrease after 14 days of treatment, then increased after 28 days. Combined supplementation of selenium [in drinking water] and alpha-cypermethrin [orally] exhibit the same changes in plasma neurotransmitters compared to alpha-cypermethrin alone. The results indicate that alpha-cypermethrin induced neurotoxicity is mediated by free radical and selenium didn't play a protective role against alpha-cypermethrin induced neurotoxicity